Educational Transactional Analysis, ISSN 2299-7466  eISSN 2658-1825

Peer Play in Transformation: From Playground "Tag" to the Internet Challenge

Authors
Keywords:
peer play, online challenges, play transformation, children's culture, childhood
Abstract

This article presents an analysis of the specific nature of internet challenges (known as “challenges”) popular among children and adolescents, viewed in the context of traditional peer play. These activities are treated as a new element of contemporary children's culture and are thus perceived as a consequence of the transformation of peer play. The research problems focused on identifying the characteristics of traditional peer play present in internet challenges, and the new elements introduced by digital play compared to playground games. Using netnography as the data collection method, internet challenges published on the popular youth application TikTok were identified and observed. Thematic analysis allowed for the extraction of elements of continuity preserved in the “challenges,” such as: collectivity and cooperation, fun and laughter, ritual and symbolism, competition and test of strength, and creativity and creation. Among the distinguishing features of internet play, the following were noted: digital perpetuation and visibility, public and global dimension, radicalisation of forms and content, performativity, and the logic of platforms.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Author Biography
  1. JoannaDziekonska, Wydział Nauk Społecznych Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie

    Assistant Professor at the Department of Didactics and Early Education at the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. She holds degrees in pedagogy, journalism and social communication, and speech therapy. Her research interests focus on children’s online activity and the contemporary transformations of childhood. Recently, her work has centered on analyzing the new face of children’s culture. She is the author of the book Children’s Culture on the Internet: A Netnographic Study, co-editor of four volumes entitled The Digital Native at School – Diagnoses and Openings, and co-organizer of the scientific conference series The Child – A Digital Native at School: Problems and Challenges. She is a recipient of the Polish Pedagogical Society award for an outstanding doctoral dissertation (2020).

References

Appelt K. (2005), Wiek szkolny. Jak rozpozna potencjał dziecka? W: A.I. Brzezińska (red.), Psychologiczne portrety człowieka. Praktyczna psychologia rozwojowa (s. 259-301). Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.

Astorri, E., Clerici, G., Gallo, G., Raina, P., & Pellai, A. (2022). Online extreme challenges putting children at risk: what we know to date. Minerva pediatrics. DOI: 10.23736/S2724-5276.22.06892-6

BezpieczneDziecko.org. (2024). Ostre narzędzia w cukierkach miały swój początek we wrześniu na polskim TikToku. https://www.bezpiecznedziecko.org/ostre-narzedzia-w-cukierkach-mialy-swoj-poczatek-we-wrzesniu-na-polskim-tiktoku/

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2022). Thematic analisis. A practical guide. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC, Melbourne: Sage.

Cieślikowski J. (1983). Literatura i podkultura dziecięca. W: J. Cieślikowski, R. Waksmund (red.), Literatura i podkultura dzieci i młodzieży. Antologia opracowań (s. 9-54). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.

Corsaro, W. A. (2009). Peer culture. In The Palgrave handbook of childhood studies (pp. 301-315). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Corsaro, W. A., & Everitt, J. G. (2023). The sociology of childhood. Sage publications.

Bigaj M. i in. (2025). Internet Dzieci: Raport z monitoringu obecności dzieci i młodzieży w internecie. Marzec 2025. https://cyfroweobywatelstwo.pl/internetdzieci/

Dacka, M. (2024). Wyzwania młodzieżowe--nieświadomość zagrożenia czy presja rówieśników? Niebezpieczne konsekwencje zabaw współczesnych nastolatków. Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology/Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.15557/PiPK.2024.0011

Dziekońska J. (2020a). Kultura dziecięca w internecie. Studium netnograficzne. Olsztyn.

Dziekońska, J. (2020b). Rekonstrukcja przejawów e-kultury dziecięcej generowanej w cyfrowej przestrzeni bycia razem. Doniesienie z badań netnograficznych. Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji, 50(3). https://doi.org/10.26881/pwe.2020.50.07

Dziekońska, J. (2023). The Experience of participating in the digital community as the essence of children’s everyday life. Research report. Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne, 17(2), 103-117. https://doi.org/10.18778/2450-4491.17.08

Fazio, A., Reggiani, T., & Scervini, F. (2023). Social media charity campaigns and pro-social behaviour. Evidence from the Ice Bucket Challenge. Journal of Economic Psychology, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2023.102624

Hilton, Z., Brion-Meisels, G., & Graham, R. (2021). Exploring effective prevention education responses to dangerous online challenges. https://praesidiosafeguarding.co.uk/safe-guarding/uploads/2021/11/Exploring-effective-prevention-education-responses-to-dangerous-online-challenges-English-US-compressed.pdf?x70166

Huizinga, J. (1985). Homo ludens: zabawa jako źródlo kultury. Czytelnik.

Kalliala, M. (2005). Play culture in a changing world. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

Karpatschof, B. (2013). Play, but not simply play: The anthropology of play. Children's play and development: Cultural-historical perspectives, 251-265.

Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography: redefined. Sage.

Markowska-Manista, U. (2022). Zabawy dzieci w różnych kulturach–perspektywa antropologiczno-pedagogiczna. Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji, 18(1 (54)), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.26881/pwe.2022.54.04

Ministerstwo Cyfryzacji (2023). Niebezpieczne internetowy challenge. Gov.pl.

https://www.gov.pl/web/cyfryzacja/niebezpieczne-internetowe-challenge

Nowicka, M. (2013). Korczak–etnograf i jego badania dziecięcej kultury kolonijnej. Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji, 9(3 (22)), 42-55.

Simonides D. (1976). Współczesny folklor słowny dzieci i nastolatków. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.

Waloszek, D. (2009). Socjopedagogiczny wymiar zabawy w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. W: D. Klus-Stańska, M. Szczepska-Pustkowska (red.), Pedagogika wczesnoszkolna–dyskursy, problemy, rozwiązania (s. 331-365). Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Akademickie.

Zwiernik, J. (2009). Zabawa jako medium dziecięcej codzienności: etnografia w przedszkolu. Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji, 2(10), 109-122.

Cover Image
Downloads
Published
2025-12-08
Section
At the Crossroads of Disciplines – Research Reports
License

Copyright (c) 2025 Joanna Dziekońska

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

AUTHOR'S STATEMENT

I am aware that the Educational Transactional Analysis journal is published under a Creative Commons license - Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode).

By submitting the article, I agree to make it available under this license

How to Cite

Dziekońska, J. (2025). Peer Play in Transformation: From Playground "Tag" to the Internet Challenge. The Educational Transactional Analysis, 14, 329-344. https://doi.org/10.16926/eat.2025.14.18

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.