Geneza, założenia, organizacja szkół eksperymentalnych, eksperymentujących i wiodących w okresie PRL-u (lata 60. XX wieku)

Abstrakt

Experimental, experimenting and exemplary schools began developing in the beginning of the 1960s, which had to do with the function imposed on education by the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) led by W. Gomułka. Their functioning was characterised by, among other things, the implementation of an education system reform, institutional and personal politicisation of the higher education and schooling, practicalisation of pedagogics and turning it into a science that would produce instrumental knowledge, as well as the 'pedagogical progress movement' promoted by the government. Among the most preached and developed educational experiments was the concept of polytechnic education. There were experiments with group work, which quickly became implemented in mass schooling The focus was also on problem based learning and the class-lesson system. The education and party authorities saw in experimental, experimenting and exemplary schools the means of sharing their preferred didactic and pedagogical templates and showed interest. Hence in many of those schools the didactic basis was expanded and new qualified teachers employed. Some of them, however, still faced a lot of obstacles, such as underinvestment, staff vacancies and teachers struggling with too much didactic, pedagogical and organisational work.